Ipari Hőcserélők

Az heat exchanger, a device that allows the transfer of different types of fluids in liquid or gas form with a temperature difference between them without any physical contact. Heat exchangers are generally divided into 3 separate groups. - Tubular heat exchangers - Plate heat exchangers (removable type, semi-welded type, welded type, soldered type) - Special application heat exchangers (Econocoil heat exchanger, spiral heat exchanger, platecoil heat exchanger) Heat exchangers used in sectors such as shipbuilding, textiles, and food can be utilized in any sector that requires an alternative energy source. Heat exchangers provide very economical solutions for meeting the needs of hot water and steam in businesses that use steam, hot oil boilers, and hot water boilers. In the textile sector, where energy recovery applications and wastewater recovery are needed, heat exchangers designed with U and straight pipes provide process ease when cleaning factors are taken into account. Design and Production Principles of Heat Exchangers The heat exchanger is manufactured based on the process information provided by the customer to the manufacturer, taking into account the fluid properties. Before manufacturing, calculations are made for the surface area of the product to be manufactured, pipe diameter, number of pipes to be used, length and diameter of the body, and inlet-outlet pipe and flange calculations. The characteristics of the area where the heat exchanger will be used, as well as factors such as pollution and corrosion in the system, are also considered, and the heat exchangers are produced with special processes. In U-tube heat exchangers, the welding method is used in the pipe bundles according to the pipe and welding material. In straight pipe systems, manufacturing is done by applying welded and machining methods, taking into account the type of fluid. Additionally, hydrostatic test applications are conducted, and the test results are documented in a report format for record-keeping. When there is a need to take measurements of expansion or stress on the pipe and body, one or more compensators or a floating mirror system can be applied. Information on Pipe Bundle and Body in Heat Exchanger Designs Heat exchangers are manufactured using carbon steel, stainless steel, copper, and brass pipes according to customer requests and available process information. The pipe diameters used vary between 8 mm and 60.3 mm. The type of fluid becomes important in determining the pipe diameters. Depending on the type of fluid and the model of the heat exchanger to be manufactured, pipe bundles made of straight or U-tube are designed considering the possibilities of contamination and scaling. U-tube systems are generally preferred in steam systems, while in oil systems, a straight pipe system with one side fixed and the other side floating mirror is preferred. The most important consideration in system designs is to ensure that the system provides complete sealing by selecting the appropriate gasket. Advantages of Using Heat Exchangers Heat exchangers provide significant advantages in terms of energy recovery by enabling businesses to meet their alternative energy needs. Heat exchangers: - Can operate in high-temperature environments. - Are manufactured with a flexible and robust design. - Have a structure resistant to high pressures. - Are resistant to thermal shocks. - Have the lowest pressure losses. - Have no size limitations. - Are easy to supply and repair materials. - Operate with high efficiency even in dirty environments. - Have low operating costs. - Can be used in all applications. Parts Used in Tubular Heat Exchanger Design In heat exchangers obtained using pipe bundles, the heat transfer surface consists of pipes. While one fluid flows inside the pipes, another fluid flows across or parallel to the pipes on the body side. Thus, heat transfer is achieved on the pipe. In the design of such heat exchangers: - U-shaped or straight pipes to ensure heat transfer. - Mirrors or mirror supports where the pipes are fixed. - Baffles used to direct the flow outside the pipes and support the pipes within the body. - Outer body made of pipe or bent sheet. - Body nozzles that provide the inlet-outlet of the fluid on the body side. - Head and head nozzles that provide the inlet-outlet of the fluid on the pipe side. - Flanges that allow the fixing of mirrors and heads. - Support legs that facilitate the installation of the heat exchanger in the most suitable area. - Insulation made to prevent heat loss on the outer surface, By using these components, improved heat transfer environments are created by forming the surfaces of the pipes where heat transfer occurs. Plate Heat Exchangers Another type of heat exchanger design, plate heat exchangers, are high-efficiency heat exchangers with the widest product range due to their ability to be used in different applications. These types of heat exchangers are created based on the concept of modular structure.